Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder is characterized as an anxiety disorder and has components of obsession(s) and/or compulsion(s). Obsessions are persistent, unwanted thoughts, ideas or sensations; compulsions which drive the patient to perform unwanted repetitive functions, classically described in the literature (DSM-5). Some of the repetitive functions include extensive hand washing, cleaning, and checking on things. Severe OCD can alter a person’s life and may lead to unintentional self-harm.

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Do I have OCD?

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About 1.2% of US population suffers from OCD, with women being affected more than man. OCD becomes clinically apparent during early adulthood at around 19 yrs of age. (NIMH, OCD)

 

What causes OCD?

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The exact mechanism or processes underlying the development of OCD has (have) not been elucidated. Although there are a few theories that point to abnormalities in serotonin (5-HT) and dysfunction in the dopamine system in the central nervous system; increased blood flow and metabolic activity in the orbitofrontal cortex, limbic structures to name a few.

 

Why Should I get help?

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Severe OCD is disabling and may be life threatening.

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How is OCD treated?

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First and foremost, a detailed psychiatric assessment must be performed by a licensed mental health provider. This will lead to an effective development of a treatment plan with appropriate follow up. Once a diagnosis is obtained one must tailor the treatment according to the presenting signs and symptoms. Furthermore, a trial of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy may be necessary following further evaluation for medication appropriateness (Medscape.com; American Psychiatric Association).

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A lot of times it takes a trained provider a few visits before a diagnosis can be reached due to co-morbid conditions and complex symptoms; please resist from self-diagnosis and seek professional consultation. Self-diagnosis may easily cause misconceptions, and false beliefs about signs and symptoms further leading to misdiagnosis that ultimately interfere with the doctor-patient relationship and recommended treatments.